1. Netzwerk ist Standard-Netzwerk
tcpdump -D
Nur SYN-Pakete
# tcpdump -i"tcp[tcpflags] & (tcp-syn) != 0"
Nur ACK-Pakete
tcpdump -i"tcp[tcpflags] & (tcp-ack) != 0"
Nur FIN-Pakete
tcpdump -i"tcp[tcpflags] & (tcp-fin) != 0"
Installation von Tools für RAID-Controller unter Debian
Nachdem ich plötzlich Ein-/Ausgabefehler auf meinem Server hatte und diese nur durch eine Re-Installation beheben konnte, bin ich auf das Problem gestossen, dass ich das Hardware-RAID nur bedingt überprüfen kann.
Installation von megacli
Gefunden hier: https://gist.github.com/fxkraus/595ab82e07cd6f8e057d31bc0bc5e779?permalink_comment_id=2928495#gistcomment-2928495
DIST=$(lsb_release -c | grep "Codename:" | awk '{print $2}') # jessie wheezy or stratch whatelse
wget -O - https://hwraid.le-vert.net/debian/hwraid.le-vert.net.gpg.key | sudo apt-key add -
echo " deb http://hwraid.le-vert.net/debian $DIST main " > /etc/apt/sources.list.d/raidtoolRepo.list
apt-get update
apt-get install megacli
Die Installation von megactl und megamgr hat leider nicht funktioniert, brauche ich aber derzeit nicht.
Installation von storcli
Gefunden hier: https://forums.servethehome.com/index.php?threads/installing-lsi-megaraid-storage-manager-on-debian-10-omv-5.27676/
Download der Datei unter https://docs.broadcom.com/docs/1.23.02_StorCLI und die Datei auf die Linux-Maschine übertragen, oder den direkten Link verwenden:
wget https://docs.broadcom.com/docs-and-downloads/raid-controllers/raid-controllers-common-files/1.23.02_StorCLI.zip
Notwendige Pakete installiert:
apt-get install unzip alien
Danach storcli installieren:
unzip 1.23.02_StorCLI.zip unzip storcli_All_OS.zip cd storcli_All_OS/Linux alien --scripts storcli-1.23.02-1.noarch.rpm dpkg --install storcli_1.23.02-2_all.deb ln -s /opt/MegaRAID/storcli/storcli64 /usr/local/sbin/storcli
Eine einfache Überprüfung ist die Ausführung von storcli show:
# storcli show Status Code = 0 Status = Success Description = None Number of Controllers = 1 Host Name = e6 Operating System = Linux5.10.0-20-amd64 System Overview : =============== ---------------------------------------------------------------------------------- Ctl Model Ports PDs DGs DNOpt VDs VNOpt BBU sPR DS EHS ASOs Hlth ---------------------------------------------------------------------------------- 0 LSIMegaRAIDSAS9240-4i 8 2 1 0 1 0 Msng On - Y 1 Opt ---------------------------------------------------------------------------------- Ctl=Controller Index|DGs=Drive groups|VDs=Virtual drives|Fld=Failed PDs=Physical drives|DNOpt=DG NotOptimal|VNOpt=VD NotOptimal|Opt=Optimal Msng=Missing|Dgd=Degraded|NdAtn=Need Attention|Unkwn=Unknown sPR=Scheduled Patrol Read|DS=DimmerSwitch|EHS=Emergency Hot Spare Y=Yes|N=No|ASOs=Advanced Software Options|BBU=Battery backup unit Hlth=Health|Safe=Safe-mode boot
Überprüfung des Hardware-RAIDs
megacli -AdpAllInfo -aAll
Status Code = 0
Status = Success
Description = None
Number of Controllers = 1
Host Name = e6
Operating System = Linux5.10.0-20-amd64
System Overview :
===============
----------------------------------------------------------------------------------
Ctl Model Ports PDs DGs DNOpt VDs VNOpt BBU sPR DS EHS ASOs Hlth
----------------------------------------------------------------------------------
0 LSIMegaRAIDSAS9240-4i 8 2 1 0 1 0 Msng On - Y 1 Opt
----------------------------------------------------------------------------------
Ctl=Controller Index|DGs=Drive groups|VDs=Virtual drives|Fld=Failed
PDs=Physical drives|DNOpt=DG NotOptimal|VNOpt=VD NotOptimal|Opt=Optimal
Msng=Missing|Dgd=Degraded|NdAtn=Need Attention|Unkwn=Unknown
sPR=Scheduled Patrol Read|DS=DimmerSwitch|EHS=Emergency Hot Spare
Y=Yes|N=No|ASOs=Advanced Software Options|BBU=Battery backup unit
Hlth=Health|Safe=Safe-mode boot
e6 root Linux # megacli -AdpAllInfo -aAll
Adapter #0
==============================================================================
Versions
================
Product Name : LSI MegaRAID SAS 9240-4i
Serial No : SP52905522
FW Package Build: 20.12.1-0150
Mfg. Data
================
Mfg. Date : 07/17/15
Rework Date : 00/00/00
Revision No : 03D
Battery FRU : N/A
Image Versions in Flash:
================
BIOS Version : 4.36.00_4.12.05.00_0x05270000
Preboot CLI Version: 03.02-020:#%00009
WebBIOS Version : 4.0-60-e_49-Rel
NVDATA Version : 3.09.03-0052
FW Version : 2.130.394-2550
Boot Block Version : 2.02.00.00-0001
Pending Images in Flash
================
None
PCI Info
================
Controller Id : 0000
Vendor Id : 1000
Device Id : 0073
SubVendorId : 1000
SubDeviceId : 9241
Host Interface : PCIE
ChipRevision : B2
Link Speed : 0
Number of Frontend Port: 0
Device Interface : PCIE
Number of Backend Port: 8
Port : Address
0 4433221102000000
1 4433221103000000
2 0000000000000000
3 0000000000000000
4 0000000000000000
5 0000000000000000
6 0000000000000000
7 0000000000000000
HW Configuration
================
SAS Address : 500605b009769650
BBU : Absent
Alarm : Absent
NVRAM : Present
Serial Debugger : Present
Memory : Absent
Flash : Present
Memory Size : 0MB
TPM : Absent
On board Expander: Absent
Upgrade Key : Absent
Temperature sensor for ROC : Absent
Temperature sensor for controller : Absent
Settings
================
Current Time : 19:54:28 4/2, 2023
Predictive Fail Poll Interval : 300sec
Interrupt Throttle Active Count : 16
Interrupt Throttle Completion : 50us
Rebuild Rate : 30%
PR Rate : 30%
BGI Rate : 30%
Check Consistency Rate : 30%
Reconstruction Rate : 30%
Cache Flush Interval : 4s
Max Drives to Spinup at One Time : 4
Delay Among Spinup Groups : 2s
Physical Drive Coercion Mode : Disabled
Cluster Mode : Disabled
Alarm : Disabled
Auto Rebuild : Enabled
Battery Warning : Disabled
Ecc Bucket Size : 15
Ecc Bucket Leak Rate : 1440 Minutes
Restore HotSpare on Insertion : Disabled
Expose Enclosure Devices : Enabled
Maintain PD Fail History : Enabled
Host Request Reordering : Enabled
Auto Detect BackPlane Enabled : SGPIO
Load Balance Mode : Auto
Use FDE Only : No
Security Key Assigned : No
Security Key Failed : No
Security Key Not Backedup : No
Default LD PowerSave Policy : Controller Defined
Maximum number of direct attached drives to spin up in 1 min : 0
Auto Enhanced Import : Yes
Any Offline VD Cache Preserved : No
Allow Boot with Preserved Cache : No
Disable Online Controller Reset : No
PFK in NVRAM : No
Use disk activity for locate : No
POST delay : 90 seconds
BIOS Error Handling : Pause on Errors
Current Boot Mode :Normal
Capabilities
================
RAID Level Supported : RAID0, RAID1, RAID5, RAID00, RAID10, RAID50, PRL 11, PRL 11 with spanning, SRL 3 supported, PRL11-RLQ0 DDF layout with no span, PRL11-RLQ0 DDF layout with span
Supported Drives : SAS, SATA
Allowed Mixing:
Mix in Enclosure Allowed
Mix of SAS/SATA of HDD type in VD Allowed
Mix of SAS/SATA of SSD type in VD Allowed
Mix of SSD/HDD in VD Allowed
Status
================
ECC Bucket Count : 0
Limitations
================
Max Arms Per VD : 16
Max Spans Per VD : 8
Max Arrays : 16
Max Number of VDs : 16
Max Parallel Commands : 31
Max SGE Count : 80
Max Data Transfer Size : 8192 sectors
Max Strips PerIO : 20
Max LD per array : 16
Min Strip Size : 8 KB
Max Strip Size : 64 KB
Max Configurable CacheCade Size: 0 GB
Current Size of CacheCade : 0 GB
Current Size of FW Cache : 0 MB
Device Present
================
Virtual Drives : 1
Degraded : 0
Offline : 0
Physical Devices : 3
Disks : 2
Critical Disks : 0
Failed Disks : 0
Supported Adapter Operations
================
Rebuild Rate : Yes
CC Rate : Yes
BGI Rate : Yes
Reconstruct Rate : Yes
Patrol Read Rate : Yes
Alarm Control : No
Cluster Support : No
BBU : No
Spanning : Yes
Dedicated Hot Spare : Yes
Revertible Hot Spares : Yes
Foreign Config Import : Yes
Self Diagnostic : Yes
Allow Mixed Redundancy on Array : No
Global Hot Spares : Yes
Deny SCSI Passthrough : No
Deny SMP Passthrough : No
Deny STP Passthrough : No
Support Security : No
Snapshot Enabled : No
Support the OCE without adding drives : Yes
Support PFK : Yes
Support PI : No
Support Boot Time PFK Change : No
Disable Online PFK Change : No
PFK TrailTime Remaining : 0 days 0 hours
Support Shield State : No
Block SSD Write Disk Cache Change: No
Support Online FW Update : Yes
Supported VD Operations
================
Read Policy : No
Write Policy : No
IO Policy : No
Access Policy : Yes
Disk Cache Policy : Yes
Reconstruction : Yes
Deny Locate : No
Deny CC : No
Allow Ctrl Encryption: No
Enable LDBBM : Yes
Support Breakmirror : No
Power Savings : No
Supported PD Operations
================
Force Online : Yes
Force Offline : Yes
Force Rebuild : Yes
Deny Force Failed : No
Deny Force Good/Bad : No
Deny Missing Replace : No
Deny Clear : No
Deny Locate : No
Support Temperature : Yes
NCQ : No
Disable Copyback : No
Enable JBOD : No
Enable Copyback on SMART : No
Enable Copyback to SSD on SMART Error : Yes
Enable SSD Patrol Read : No
PR Correct Unconfigured Areas : Yes
Enable Spin Down of UnConfigured Drives : No
Disable Spin Down of hot spares : Yes
Spin Down time : 30
T10 Power State : No
Error Counters
================
Memory Correctable Errors : 0
Memory Uncorrectable Errors : 0
Cluster Information
================
Cluster Permitted : No
Cluster Active : No
Default Settings
================
Phy Polarity : 0
Phy PolaritySplit : 0
Background Rate : 30
Strip Size : 64kB
Flush Time : 4 seconds
Write Policy : WT
Read Policy : None
Cache When BBU Bad : Disabled
Cached IO : No
SMART Mode : Mode 6
Alarm Disable : No
Coercion Mode : None
ZCR Config : Unknown
Dirty LED Shows Drive Activity : No
BIOS Continue on Error : 3
Spin Down Mode : None
Allowed Device Type : SAS/SATA Mix
Allow Mix in Enclosure : Yes
Allow HDD SAS/SATA Mix in VD : Yes
Allow SSD SAS/SATA Mix in VD : Yes
Allow HDD/SSD Mix in VD : Yes
Allow SATA in Cluster : No
Max Chained Enclosures : 2
Disable Ctrl-R : Yes
Enable Web BIOS : Yes
Direct PD Mapping : No
BIOS Enumerate VDs : Yes
Restore Hot Spare on Insertion : No
Expose Enclosure Devices : Yes
Maintain PD Fail History : Yes
Disable Puncturing : Yes
Zero Based Enclosure Enumeration : No
PreBoot CLI Enabled : Yes
LED Show Drive Activity : No
Cluster Disable : Yes
SAS Disable : No
Auto Detect BackPlane Enable : SGPIO
Use FDE Only : No
Enable Led Header : No
Delay during POST : 0
EnableCrashDump : No
Disable Online Controller Reset : No
EnableLDBBM : Yes
Un-Certified Hard Disk Drives : Allow
Treat Single span R1E as R10 : No
Max LD per array : 16
Power Saving option : All power saving options are disabled
Default spin down time in minutes: 30
Enable JBOD : Yes
TTY Log In Flash : Yes
Auto Enhanced Import : Yes
BreakMirror RAID Support : Yes
Disable Join Mirror : No
Enable Shield State : No
Time taken to detect CME : 60s
Exit Code: 0x00
# storcli /c0 /eall /sall show
Controller = 0
Status = Success
Description = Show Drive Information Succeeded.
Drive Information :
=================
------------------------------------------------------------------------------
EID:Slt DID State DG Size Intf Med SED PI SeSz Model Sp Type
------------------------------------------------------------------------------
64:0 5 Onln 0 1.818 TB SATA HDD N N 512B TOSHIBA DT01ACA200 U -
64:1 4 Onln 0 1.818 TB SATA HDD N N 512B TOSHIBA DT01ACA200 U -
------------------------------------------------------------------------------
EID-Enclosure Device ID|Slt-Slot No.|DID-Device ID|DG-DriveGroup
DHS-Dedicated Hot Spare|UGood-Unconfigured Good|GHS-Global Hotspare
UBad-Unconfigured Bad|Onln-Online|Offln-Offline|Intf-Interface
Med-Media Type|SED-Self Encryptive Drive|PI-Protection Info
SeSz-Sector Size|Sp-Spun|U-Up|D-Down|T-Transition|F-Foreign
UGUnsp-Unsupported|UGShld-UnConfigured shielded|HSPShld-Hotspare shielded
CFShld-Configured shielded|Cpybck-CopyBack|CBShld-Copyback Shielded
# smartctl -a -d megaraid,4 /dev/sda
smartctl 7.2 2020-12-30 r5155 [x86_64-linux-5.10.0-20-amd64] (local build)
Copyright (C) 2002-20, Bruce Allen, Christian Franke, www.smartmontools.org
=== START OF INFORMATION SECTION ===
Model Family: Toshiba 3.5" DT01ACA... Desktop HDD
Device Model: TOSHIBA DT01ACA200
Serial Number: 45O51V1AS
LU WWN Device Id: 5 000039 fe2c24cc3
Firmware Version: MX4OABB0
User Capacity: 2.000.398.934.016 bytes [2,00 TB]
Sector Sizes: 512 bytes logical, 4096 bytes physical
Rotation Rate: 7200 rpm
Form Factor: 3.5 inches
Device is: In smartctl database [for details use: -P show]
ATA Version is: ATA8-ACS T13/1699-D revision 4
SATA Version is: SATA 3.0, 6.0 Gb/s (current: 6.0 Gb/s)
Local Time is: Sun Apr 2 21:57:03 2023 CEST
SMART support is: Available - device has SMART capability.
SMART support is: Enabled
=== START OF READ SMART DATA SECTION ===
SMART Status not supported: ATA return descriptor not supported by controller firmware
SMART overall-health self-assessment test result: PASSED
Warning: This result is based on an Attribute check.
General SMART Values:
Offline data collection status: (0x84) Offline data collection activity
was suspended by an interrupting command from host.
Auto Offline Data Collection: Enabled.
Self-test execution status: ( 0) The previous self-test routine completed
without error or no self-test has ever
been run.
Total time to complete Offline
data collection: (14726) seconds.
Offline data collection
capabilities: (0x5b) SMART execute Offline immediate.
Auto Offline data collection on/off support.
Suspend Offline collection upon new
command.
Offline surface scan supported.
Self-test supported.
No Conveyance Self-test supported.
Selective Self-test supported.
SMART capabilities: (0x0003) Saves SMART data before entering
power-saving mode.
Supports SMART auto save timer.
Error logging capability: (0x01) Error logging supported.
General Purpose Logging supported.
Short self-test routine
recommended polling time: ( 1) minutes.
Extended self-test routine
recommended polling time: ( 246) minutes.
SCT capabilities: (0x003d) SCT Status supported.
SCT Error Recovery Control supported.
SCT Feature Control supported.
SCT Data Table supported.
SMART Attributes Data Structure revision number: 16
Vendor Specific SMART Attributes with Thresholds:
ID# ATTRIBUTE_NAME FLAG VALUE WORST THRESH TYPE UPDATED WHEN_FAILED RAW_VALUE
1 Raw_Read_Error_Rate 0x000b 100 100 016 Pre-fail Always - 0
2 Throughput_Performance 0x0005 140 140 054 Pre-fail Offline - 68
3 Spin_Up_Time 0x0007 128 128 024 Pre-fail Always - 296 (Average 297)
4 Start_Stop_Count 0x0012 100 100 000 Old_age Always - 95
5 Reallocated_Sector_Ct 0x0033 100 100 005 Pre-fail Always - 0
7 Seek_Error_Rate 0x000b 100 100 067 Pre-fail Always - 0
8 Seek_Time_Performance 0x0005 128 128 020 Pre-fail Offline - 31
9 Power_On_Hours 0x0012 091 091 000 Old_age Always - 66492
10 Spin_Retry_Count 0x0013 100 100 060 Pre-fail Always - 0
12 Power_Cycle_Count 0x0032 100 100 000 Old_age Always - 95
192 Power-Off_Retract_Count 0x0032 100 100 000 Old_age Always - 116
193 Load_Cycle_Count 0x0012 100 100 000 Old_age Always - 116
194 Temperature_Celsius 0x0002 187 187 000 Old_age Always - 32 (Min/Max 22/53)
196 Reallocated_Event_Count 0x0032 100 100 000 Old_age Always - 0
197 Current_Pending_Sector 0x0022 100 100 000 Old_age Always - 0
198 Offline_Uncorrectable 0x0008 100 100 000 Old_age Offline - 0
199 UDMA_CRC_Error_Count 0x000a 200 200 000 Old_age Always - 0
SMART Error Log Version: 1
No Errors Logged
SMART Self-test log structure revision number 1
No self-tests have been logged. [To run self-tests, use: smartctl -t]
SMART Selective self-test log data structure revision number 1
SPAN MIN_LBA MAX_LBA CURRENT_TEST_STATUS
1 0 0 Not_testing
2 0 0 Not_testing
3 0 0 Not_testing
4 0 0 Not_testing
5 0 0 Not_testing
Selective self-test flags (0x0):
After scanning selected spans, do NOT read-scan remainder of disk.
If Selective self-test is pending on power-up, resume after 0 minute delay.
# smartctl -a -d megaraid,5 /dev/sda
smartctl 7.2 2020-12-30 r5155 [x86_64-linux-5.10.0-20-amd64] (local build)
Copyright (C) 2002-20, Bruce Allen, Christian Franke, www.smartmontools.org
=== START OF INFORMATION SECTION ===
Model Family: Toshiba 3.5" DT01ACA... Desktop HDD
Device Model: TOSHIBA DT01ACA200
Serial Number: 45O51V2AS
LU WWN Device Id: 5 000039 fe2c24cc4
Firmware Version: MX4OABB0
User Capacity: 2.000.398.934.016 bytes [2,00 TB]
Sector Sizes: 512 bytes logical, 4096 bytes physical
Rotation Rate: 7200 rpm
Form Factor: 3.5 inches
Device is: In smartctl database [for details use: -P show]
ATA Version is: ATA8-ACS T13/1699-D revision 4
SATA Version is: SATA 3.0, 6.0 Gb/s (current: 6.0 Gb/s)
Local Time is: Sun Apr 2 21:57:09 2023 CEST
SMART support is: Available - device has SMART capability.
SMART support is: Enabled
=== START OF READ SMART DATA SECTION ===
SMART Status not supported: ATA return descriptor not supported by controller firmware
SMART overall-health self-assessment test result: PASSED
Warning: This result is based on an Attribute check.
General SMART Values:
Offline data collection status: (0x84) Offline data collection activity
was suspended by an interrupting command from host.
Auto Offline Data Collection: Enabled.
Self-test execution status: ( 0) The previous self-test routine completed
without error or no self-test has ever
been run.
Total time to complete Offline
data collection: (15300) seconds.
Offline data collection
capabilities: (0x5b) SMART execute Offline immediate.
Auto Offline data collection on/off support.
Suspend Offline collection upon new
command.
Offline surface scan supported.
Self-test supported.
No Conveyance Self-test supported.
Selective Self-test supported.
SMART capabilities: (0x0003) Saves SMART data before entering
power-saving mode.
Supports SMART auto save timer.
Error logging capability: (0x01) Error logging supported.
General Purpose Logging supported.
Short self-test routine
recommended polling time: ( 1) minutes.
Extended self-test routine
recommended polling time: ( 255) minutes.
SCT capabilities: (0x003d) SCT Status supported.
SCT Error Recovery Control supported.
SCT Feature Control supported.
SCT Data Table supported.
SMART Attributes Data Structure revision number: 16
Vendor Specific SMART Attributes with Thresholds:
ID# ATTRIBUTE_NAME FLAG VALUE WORST THRESH TYPE UPDATED WHEN_FAILED RAW_VALUE
1 Raw_Read_Error_Rate 0x000b 100 100 016 Pre-fail Always - 0
2 Throughput_Performance 0x0005 138 138 054 Pre-fail Offline - 74
3 Spin_Up_Time 0x0007 128 128 024 Pre-fail Always - 295 (Average 296)
4 Start_Stop_Count 0x0012 100 100 000 Old_age Always - 95
5 Reallocated_Sector_Ct 0x0033 100 100 005 Pre-fail Always - 0
7 Seek_Error_Rate 0x000b 100 100 067 Pre-fail Always - 0
8 Seek_Time_Performance 0x0005 126 126 020 Pre-fail Offline - 32
9 Power_On_Hours 0x0012 091 091 000 Old_age Always - 66492
10 Spin_Retry_Count 0x0013 100 100 060 Pre-fail Always - 0
12 Power_Cycle_Count 0x0032 100 100 000 Old_age Always - 95
192 Power-Off_Retract_Count 0x0032 100 100 000 Old_age Always - 112
193 Load_Cycle_Count 0x0012 100 100 000 Old_age Always - 112
194 Temperature_Celsius 0x0002 181 181 000 Old_age Always - 33 (Min/Max 21/52)
196 Reallocated_Event_Count 0x0032 100 100 000 Old_age Always - 0
197 Current_Pending_Sector 0x0022 100 100 000 Old_age Always - 0
198 Offline_Uncorrectable 0x0008 100 100 000 Old_age Offline - 0
199 UDMA_CRC_Error_Count 0x000a 200 200 000 Old_age Always - 0
SMART Error Log Version: 1
No Errors Logged
SMART Self-test log structure revision number 1
No self-tests have been logged. [To run self-tests, use: smartctl -t]
SMART Selective self-test log data structure revision number 1
SPAN MIN_LBA MAX_LBA CURRENT_TEST_STATUS
1 0 0 Not_testing
2 0 0 Not_testing
3 0 0 Not_testing
4 0 0 Not_testing
5 0 0 Not_testing
Selective self-test flags (0x0):
After scanning selected spans, do NOT read-scan remainder of disk.
If Selective self-test is pending on power-up, resume after 0 minute delay.
Festplattentausch bei Hetzner
Leider hat sich ergeben, dass sich eine Festplatte schön langsam aufgelöst hat.
Status des Software-RAIDs zeigt den Ausfall der Festplatte /dev/sdb:
# cat /proc/mdstat
Personalities : [raid1] [linear] [multipath] [raid0] [raid6] [raid5] [raid4] [raid10]
md3 : active raid1 sda4[0] sdb4[1](F)
1839090112 blocks super 1.2 [2/1] [U_]
bitmap: 9/14 pages [36KB], 65536KB chunk
md1 : active raid1 sda2[0] sdb2[1](F)
523712 blocks super 1.2 [2/1] [U_]
md0 : active raid1 sda1[0] sdb1[1](F)
16760832 blocks super 1.2 [2/1] [U_]
md2 : active raid1 sda3[0] sdb3[1](F)
1073610752 blocks super 1.2 [2/1] [U_]
bitmap: 6/8 pages [24KB], 65536KB chunk
unused devices: <none>
Alle Device zeigen Fehler:
root@h1 ~ # mdadm --detail /dev/md0
/dev/md0:
Version : 1.2
Creation Time : Tue May 7 20:42:25 2019
Raid Level : raid1
Array Size : 16760832 (15.98 GiB 17.16 GB)
Used Dev Size : 16760832 (15.98 GiB 17.16 GB)
Raid Devices : 2
Total Devices : 2
Persistence : Superblock is persistent
Update Time : Fri Mar 4 11:00:59 2022
State : clean, degraded
Active Devices : 1
Working Devices : 1
Failed Devices : 1
Spare Devices : 0
Consistency Policy : resync
Name : rescue:0
UUID : 54e5acea:e5928e65:f6d6a669:cf1fb9d2
Events : 531
Number Major Minor RaidDevice State
0 8 1 0 active sync /dev/sda1
- 0 0 1 removed
1 8 17 - faulty /dev/sdb1
# mdadm --detail /dev/md1
/dev/md1:
Version : 1.2
Creation Time : Tue May 7 20:42:25 2019
Raid Level : raid1
Array Size : 523712 (511.44 MiB 536.28 MB)
Used Dev Size : 523712 (511.44 MiB 536.28 MB)
Raid Devices : 2
Total Devices : 2
Persistence : Superblock is persistent
Update Time : Fri Mar 4 06:37:29 2022
State : clean, degraded
Active Devices : 1
Working Devices : 1
Failed Devices : 1
Spare Devices : 0
Consistency Policy : resync
Name : rescue:1
UUID : 8eb2e7c6:f87a8a3f:8f82d581:1f346131
Events : 323
Number Major Minor RaidDevice State
0 8 2 0 active sync /dev/sda2
- 0 0 1 removed
1 8 18 - faulty /dev/sdb2
# mdadm --detail /dev/md2
/dev/md2:
Version : 1.2
Creation Time : Tue May 7 20:42:26 2019
Raid Level : raid1
Array Size : 1073610752 (1023.88 GiB 1099.38 GB)
Used Dev Size : 1073610752 (1023.88 GiB 1099.38 GB)
Raid Devices : 2
Total Devices : 2
Persistence : Superblock is persistent
Intent Bitmap : Internal
Update Time : Fri Mar 4 16:12:02 2022
State : clean, degraded
Active Devices : 1
Working Devices : 1
Failed Devices : 1
Spare Devices : 0
Consistency Policy : bitmap
Name : rescue:2
UUID : 3af3850c:507630d7:28a96c3a:84ec1f66
Events : 1849768
Number Major Minor RaidDevice State
0 8 3 0 active sync /dev/sda3
- 0 0 1 removed
1 8 19 - faulty /dev/sdb3
# mdadm --detail /dev/md3
/dev/md3:
Version : 1.2
Creation Time : Tue May 7 20:42:28 2019
Raid Level : raid1
Array Size : 1839090112 (1753.89 GiB 1883.23 GB)
Used Dev Size : 1839090112 (1753.89 GiB 1883.23 GB)
Raid Devices : 2
Total Devices : 2
Persistence : Superblock is persistent
Intent Bitmap : Internal
Update Time : Fri Mar 4 16:11:14 2022
State : clean, degraded
Active Devices : 1
Working Devices : 1
Failed Devices : 1
Spare Devices : 0
Consistency Policy : bitmap
Name : rescue:3
UUID : 145fb3fe:45b60dcb:2d4d904a:5df4003a
Events : 674039
Number Major Minor RaidDevice State
0 8 4 0 active sync /dev/sda4
- 0 0 1 removed
1 8 20 - faulty /dev/sdb4
Jetzt die Festplatte aus dem RAID-Array nehmen:
# mdadm /dev/md0 -r /dev/sdb1 mdadm: hot removed /dev/sdb1 from /dev/md0 # mdadm /dev/md1 -r /dev/sdb2 mdadm: hot removed /dev/sdb2 from /dev/md1 # mdadm /dev/md2 -r /dev/sdb3 mdadm: hot removed /dev/sdb3 from /dev/md2 # mdadm /dev/md3 -r /dev/sdb4 mdadm: hot removed /dev/sdb4 from /dev/md3
Mal kurz feststellen, welcher Partitionstyp in Verwendung ist:
root@h1 ~ # parted -l Model: ATA ST33000651AS (scsi) Disk /dev/sda: 3001GB Sector size (logical/physical): 512B/512B Partition Table: gpt Disk Flags: Number Start End Size File system Name Flags 5 1049kB 2097kB 1049kB bios_grub 1 2097kB 17.2GB 17.2GB raid 2 17.2GB 17.7GB 537MB raid 3 17.7GB 1117GB 1100GB raid 4 1117GB 3001GB 1883GB raid Model: Linux Software RAID Array (md) Disk /dev/md2: 1099GB Sector size (logical/physical): 512B/512B Partition Table: loop Disk Flags: Number Start End Size File system Flags 1 0.00B 1099GB 1099GB ext4 Model: Linux Software RAID Array (md) Disk /dev/md0: 17.2GB Sector size (logical/physical): 512B/512B Partition Table: loop Disk Flags: Number Start End Size File system Flags 1 0.00B 17.2GB 17.2GB linux-swap(v1) Model: Linux Software RAID Array (md) Disk /dev/md3: 1883GB Sector size (logical/physical): 512B/512B Partition Table: loop Disk Flags: Number Start End Size File system Flags 1 0.00B 1883GB 1883GB ext4 Model: Linux Software RAID Array (md) Disk /dev/md1: 536MB Sector size (logical/physical): 512B/512B Partition Table: loop Disk Flags: Number Start End Size File system Flags 1 0.00B 536MB 536MB ext3
Herausfinden der Seriennummer der defekten Platte:
chris@h1:~$ /sbin/udevadm info --query=property --name=sdb | grep ID_SERIAL ID_SERIAL=WDC_WD3000FYYZ-01UL1B2_WD-WMC1F0E4CNYD ID_SERIAL_SHORT=WD-WMC1F0E4CNYD
Über hdparm funktioniert es nicht mehr:
# hdparm -i /dev/sdb | grep SerialNo HDIO_DRIVE_CMD(identify) failed: Input/output error HDIO_GET_IDENTITY failed: No message of desired type
Via smartctl war nix mehr auszulesen …
Jetzt der Auftrag an Hetzner …
Huch! Der Tausch der Festplatte ist innerhalb von 30 Minuten erledigt! 😳
Partitionstabelle auf die neue Festplatte übertragen:
# sgdisk --backup=sda_parttable_gpt.bak /dev/sda The operation has completed successfully. # sgdisk --load-backup=sda_parttable_gpt.bak /dev/sdb Creating new GPT entries. Warning! Current disk size doesn't match that of the backup! Adjusting sizes to match, but subsequent problems are possible! The operation has completed successfully.
und einen neue UUID für die neue Festplatte erzeugen:
# sgdisk -G /dev/sdb Warning: The kernel is still using the old partition table. The new table will be used at the next reboot or after you run partprobe(8) or kpartx(8) The operation has completed successfully.
Einmal eine Partition in das Software-RAID hängen:
# mdadm /dev/md3 -a /dev/sdb4 mdadm: added /dev/sdb4
und schauen, wie es synchronisiert:
# cat /proc/mdstat
Personalities : [raid1] [linear] [multipath] [raid0] [raid6] [raid5] [raid4] [raid10]
md3 : active raid1 sdb4[2] sda4[0]
1839090112 blocks super 1.2 [2/1] [U_]
[>....................] recovery = 1.3% (23962624/1839090112) finish=466.6min speed=64820K/sec
bitmap: 9/14 pages [36KB], 65536KB chunk
md2 : active raid1 sda3[0]
1073610752 blocks super 1.2 [2/1] [U_]
bitmap: 7/8 pages [28KB], 65536KB chunk
md1 : active raid1 sda2[0]
523712 blocks super 1.2 [2/1] [U_]
md0 : active (auto-read-only) raid1 sda1[0]
16760832 blocks super 1.2 [2/1] [U_]
unused devices: <none>
Wird ein wenig dauern …
Auch die anderen Partitionen eingehängt:
root@h1 ~ # mdadm /dev/md2 -a /dev/sdb3
mdadm: added /dev/sdb3
root@h1 ~ # mdadm /dev/md1 -a /dev/sdb2
mdadm: added /dev/sdb2
root@h1 ~ # mdadm /dev/md0 -a /dev/sdb1
mdadm: added /dev/sdb1
root@h1 ~ # cat /proc/mdstat
Personalities : [raid1] [linear] [multipath] [raid0] [raid6] [raid5] [raid4] [raid10]
md3 : active raid1 sdb4[2] sda4[0]
1839090112 blocks super 1.2 [2/1] [U_]
[>....................] recovery = 2.1% (39605888/1839090112) finish=427.5min speed=70147K/sec
bitmap: 9/14 pages [36KB], 65536KB chunk
md2 : active raid1 sdb3[2] sda3[0]
1073610752 blocks super 1.2 [2/1] [U_]
resync=DELAYED
bitmap: 7/8 pages [28KB], 65536KB chunk
md1 : active raid1 sdb2[2] sda2[0]
523712 blocks super 1.2 [2/1] [U_]
resync=DELAYED
md0 : active raid1 sdb1[2] sda1[0]
16760832 blocks super 1.2 [2/1] [U_]
resync=DELAYED
unused devices: <none>
Am nächsten Morgen war die Festplatte synchronisiert:
$ cat /proc/mdstat
Personalities : [raid1] [linear] [multipath] [raid0] [raid6] [raid5] [raid4] [raid10]
md3 : active raid1 sdb4[2] sda4[0]
1839090112 blocks super 1.2 [2/2] [UU]
bitmap: 1/14 pages [4KB], 65536KB chunk
md2 : active raid1 sdb3[2] sda3[0]
1073610752 blocks super 1.2 [2/2] [UU]
bitmap: 3/8 pages [12KB], 65536KB chunk
md1 : active raid1 sdb2[2] sda2[0]
523712 blocks super 1.2 [2/2] [UU]
md0 : active raid1 sdb1[2] sda1[0]
16760832 blocks super 1.2 [2/2] [UU]
unused devices: <none>
Quellen:
Hetzner: Festplattenaustausch im Software-RAID
Blog Dominic Pratt: Software-RAID-Reparatur bei Hetzner